<A>…</A> [Anchor tag]
This element is used to make hyperlink its one of the important tag of html. This tag is use to made hyperlink. Text enclosed with in this tag is became hyperlink text.
|HREF: this attribute is having address of file or bookmark by clicking over the hyperlink you can jump to that file or bookmark.
For example: <a href=’main.html’>main page</a>
By clicking over the text main page this link will load main.html in the browser window.
|NAME: Name attribute use for creating bookmark in the document <a name=’xyz’>xyz</a> see the text enclosed within the <A> tag is became a bookmark.
When you have to give hyperlink to that bookmark you have to put ‘#’ before bookmark name and give as value to HREF attribute.
For example: <a href=’#xyz’>Index</a>
By clicking over the text index you will be jumped to the xyz bookmark.
|TARGET: This attribute used to set target that where the document will show mainly used when framed document is there.
|ACCESSKEY: defined keyboard shortcut.
|TABINDEX: defined tab order for the link.
Monday, August 17, 2009
CREATING LINKS WITH OTHER PAGE
MARQUEE TAG
<MARQUEE> … </MARQUEE>
This element will animate the enclosed text or any other object.
Attributes of <MARQUEE> … </MARQUEE> | |
BEHAVIOR | There is three behavior scroll, slide, and alternate. Scroll is by default behavior, slide will take enclosed object or text form right to left, alternate will take enclosed object at next horizon and move back to the opposite horizon. |
DIRECTION | Using this attribute you can set the direction of marquee values can be left, right, up , down . |
LOOP | Using this element you can set the number of time marquee will work. If value is -1 than infinite marquee. |
Scrollamount | You can set speed of marquee using this attribute. You have to give no. of pixel you want to move for each scroll time. |
Scrolldelay | You can set a time for each move of marquee you have to give time in millisecond form, if value is small than marquee move speedy else vice-a-versa. |
BGCOLOR | you can give the background color for marquee |
Align | This attribute will set alignment of text or object inside marquee, value can be top, bottom, middle. |
Height | The height of marquee’s area you can set using this attribute value can be given in pixels. |
Width | The width of marquee’s area you can set using this attribure value can be given in pixels. |
Hspace | To set the horizontal space inside the marquee. |
Vspace | To set the vertical space inside the marquee. |
For example:
<marquee behavior="alternate" height="200" width="200" align="bottom" hspace="20" vspace="20" bgcolor="#009999" scrollamount="20" scrolldelay="100" direction=’up’> HELLO WORLD </marquee>
<marquee behavior="alternate" height="200" width="200" align="bottom" hspace="20" vspace="20" bgcolor="#009999" scrollamount="20" scrolldelay="100" direction=’down’> HELLO WORLD </marquee>
TEXT FORMATTING IN HTML
<H1> TO <H6> : <h1> creates fist level heading. Its block level element it has six levels <H1> to <H6> it requires ending tag. It’s having ALIGN attribute having value like left, right, center, justify.
<P> …. </P>
<p> creates a paragraph, it’s a block level element its having attribute ALIGN having value like left, right, center, justify.
<PRE> … </PRE>
Creates a block of preformatted text so that you can arrange lines in a particular way to create text, most browsers will display the pre element using mono spaced font such as courier.
Attribute WIDTH to indicate the number of characters the widest line of the preformatted text has.
For example:
<html>
<head>
<title>first small program </title></head>
<body bgcolor=’red’ color=’white’>
<h1>Good morning……friends</h1>
<h2>Good morning……friends</h2>
<h3>Good morning……friends</h3>
<h4>Good morning……friends</h4>
<h5>Good morning……friends</h5>
<h6>Good morning……friends</h6>
<P align=’right’>
it suggests a shift in the ultimate power over HTML to the corporate players. From now on, you can probably assume that HTML extensions beyond what is generally considered HTML 3.0 will become standard on a case-by-case basis.
</p>
<p align=’center’>
It suggests a shift in the ultimate power over HTML to the corporate players. From now on, you can probably assume that HTML extensions.
</p>
<pre>
1 ram 100
2 sita 200</pre></body></html>
<TT> …</TT>
This element makes enclosed text appear in a fixed width , typewriter style font such as courier , its text level element.
<B> … </B>
This element made enclosed text bold, its text level element, you can also use <strong> tag for doing same thing.
<I> …. </I>
This element made enclosed text italic, its text level element, you can also use <EM> tag for doing same thing.
<U> … </U>
This element made enclosed text underlined its text level element.
<STRIKE> … </STRIKE>
Makes the enclosed text appear with a strike out through the middle you can also use <S> tag but <strike> is widely supported than <s>, its text level element.
<SUB> … </SUB>
This element used to indicate a subscripted section for example NA<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>3</sub> will display output like NA2CO3. its text level element.
<SUP> … </SUP>
This element used to indicate a superscripted section for example E=MC<sup>2</sup> will display output like E=MC2. Its text level element.
For example :
<html>
<head>
<title>first small program </title></head>
<body bgcolor=’red’>
<B>Good morning……friends….</B><BR>
<I>Good morning……friends….</I><BR>
<U>Good morning……friends….</U><BR>
<I><U>Good morning……friends….</U></I><BR>
<STRIKE> Good morning……friends….</STRIKE><BR>
NA<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>3</sub><BR>
E=MC<sup>2</sup>
<TT>
it suggests a shift in the ultimate power over HTML to the corporate players. From now on, you can probably assume that HTML extensions beyond what is generally considered HTML 3.0 will become standard on a case-by-case basis.
</TT></body></html>
Programmer's HTML Tags
One of the early, more common uses for HTML was for documenting computer programs and offering tips or advice to computer programmers. Part of the HTML 3.0 standard, then, offers some implicit (logical) HTML tags that allow HTML designers to mark text in a way that makes it easier to present computer-programming codes. Those tags are listed in table below. Tags Meaning Generally Rendered as…
HTML Tags for Computer Programming [All is text level element ] | |
<CODE> … </CODE> | Programming lines Monospaced (like <TT>) |
<KBD> … </KBD> | Keyboard text Monospaced |
<SAMP> … </SAMP> | Sample output Monospaced |
<VAR> … </VAR> | Variable Italic |
Notice that the majority of these tags are often displayed in exactly the same way-in the default monospaced font for the browser. Then why use them? First, not all browsers will necessarily follow the "general" way. Some browsers will actually render these tags in slightly different ways from one another, so that <SAMP>, for instance, might appear in a slightly larger font than <CODE>. Second, using these tags is a great way to internally document your HTML pages, so that you can tell at a glance what certain text is supposed to be. This will help you later when you return to the document to update it or fix errors-especially as the document becomes more complex.
HTML Tags for Font formatting [All is text level element ] | |
<STRONG> … </STRONG> | Make enclosed text bold |
<SMALL> … </SMALL> | Make enclosed text font size 1 pixel small |
<BIG> … </BIG> | Make enclosed text font size 1 pixel big |
<BLINK> … </BLINK> | Make enclosed text blinking effect not supported by html 4.0 |
<EM>….</EM> | Make enclosed text italic. |
<BLOCKQUOTE>...</BLOCKQUOTE> | Make block of quote for text |
<FONT> … </FONT>
This element sets font size, color, face for enclosed text and it’s a text level element.
Attributes of <FONT> … </FONT> | |
SIZE | This will set size of font. You have to specify the integer value |
COLOR | This will set a color of font |
FACE | This will set a type of font. You can give more than one type by separating it using coma. |
For example, <font color=’red’ face=’verdana,Helvetica,arial’ size=8> world wide web </font>
<BASE>…</BASE>
This element indicates the location of a document and can set a default link target it’s a head section element.
Attributes of <BASE> … </BASE> | |
HREF | This will give hyper reference for the file , required URL as value |
TARGET | To indicate the full URL of the current document. |
<BASEFONT>…</BASEFONT>
This element indicates the default font settings for the rest of the document. it will be automatically apply over the text for which you don’t write <font> formatting tag.
Attributes of <BASEFONT> … </BASEFONT> | |
SIZE | This will set size of font. You have to specify the integer value |
COLOR | This will set a color of font |
FACE | This will set a type of font. You can give more than one type by separating it using coma. |
The<FONT> and <BASEFONT> Tags
Ability unique to Netscape HTML (outside of style sheets) is specific control over the size of fonts. The general HTML theory is to allow a browser to decide what fonts will be larger than others, although it's safe to assume, for instance, that graphical browsers will render <H1> text larger than <H2>, etc.
Netscape, however, offers up the <FONT> and <BASEFONT> tags, which take the SIZE, attribute to change the size of browser fonts, regardless of the tags used. <BASEFONT> changes the font size for an entire document relative to the default. <FONT> can then be used to set individual font sizes within the document. They're formatted like this:
<BASEFONT SIZE="number">
<FONT SIZE="(+/-) number">
You'll want to use an incremental number (for example, +2) for the SIZE attribute to the <FONT> tag when you're using the <BASEFONT> tag to set the default. The <FONT> tag can be used just about anywhere in regular text. For instance:
<BASEFONT SIZE="4">
<P>We're having a S<FONT SIZE="+1">A<FONT SIZE="+2">L<FONT SIZE="+3">A<FONT SIZE="+4">BRA<FONT SIZE="+3">T<FONT SIZE="+2">I<FONT SIZE="+1">O<FONT SIZE="+0">N!</P>
You can use <FONT> as often as you'd like. Just remember that as a general rule, the more you use it, the more annoying it is.
BASIC HTML ELEMENTS
<HTML> This element contains the head element and body elements of a document. It’s a basic structure element. It contents head element and body element or frameset element.
<HEAD> This element contents head section of document. Head must contain exactly one title element in addition it may contain script element, style element and Meta element as well as link element.
<TITLE> Creates document’s title. Every html documents requires a title. This element is a part of basic structure comes in head section.
<span style="font-weight:bold;">Structure of HTML:</span>
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>…..</TITLE> </HEAD>
<BODY>
Other text and elements to be represent information using tag are place in body element
</BODY>
</HTML>
<BODY> This tag contain the body section of html document. It’s basic structure element
Background: to set a background image.
Bgcolor :- to set background color
Link: - to set hyperlink color.
Alink:- to set active hyperlink color. & Vlink:- to set visited hyperlink color.
<span style="font-weight:bold;">Example:</span>
<html>
<head><title>first small program </title></head>
<body bgcolor=’red’>
Good morning……friends….
</body></html>
<span style="font-weight:bold;">COMMENT:</span>
<!-- -->
Inserts comments into an html document that would not be displayed by a browser also used to hide style sheets and active scripts from older browsers.
what is HTML ?
There are certain advantages to the Web, such as multimedia, interactivity, timeliness, and a certain air of "tech awareness" that make creating HTML pages something of a necessity for businesses and a good idea for families, too. There are disadvantages as well, including the cost in time and money, the learning curve for Web design, and the constant need to update.
HTML has been forced to evolve over the last year because of the involvement of millions of people, larger businesses, and commercial artists. Spearheaded by Netscape Navigator, a number of extensions to HTML for page-layout purposes have confused the mission of the Web. As a designer, it's up to you to decide who your audience will be and the most appropriate flavors of HTML to use in order to reach that audience.
Advantages of HTML
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Web Most small or large businesses have a compelling reason to create a presence on the World Wide Web. It's an important new medium for communication that is relatively inexpensive to implement, it's a boon for dealing with customer service issues, and it's gaining popularity in leaps and bounds. But any good HTML designer should realize that there are also certain disadvantages to the Web. Advantages There are many good reasons to commit to creating a presence on the World Wide Web. Most of these are geared toward businesses, but you'll notice that these advantages are available to any Web site:
Multimedia presentation-A Web site allows you to do things that are simply not possible in any other medium. With some of the visual impact of television, the informational utility of print, and the personal appeal of radio, the Web is an effective tool for taking marketing information to another level. Products can be explained and offered in depth, along with pictures, video, sound, and even animation.
Interactivity-There are a number of different areas where the fact that your user can interactively determine what to view or hear can really make the difference for a business. Especially important is the added value the Web gives you for customer service, technical or product support, and immediate feedback. While most of any Web site is automated, it gives you an
Opportunity to answer frequently asked questions and point customers to resources that may help them solves problems on their own. While this may seem like an advantage reserved for computer companies, consider the implications for service-oriented industries like travel, consulting, catalog sales, and business-to-business sales.
Flexibility-If your business relies on printing or publishing as a medium, you may immediately see the advantage of the Web. Changes on the Web are relatively instantaneous, and the speed with which an update can be made is measured in minutes, not weeks. Consider the financial planner's or real estate agent's sales newsletter. Instant changes on the World Wide Web give their Net-savvy clients a time-based edge. Incorporating the Web into the services you offer a client gives you an added value in their eyes, especially in time-sensitive industries.
Easy High-Tech-Whether you're a small or large business, it's important to keep up with technology in order to satisfy customers and be up on the "latest." Web pages are moving toward a point where they'll be expected of large businesses and not unusual from small ones. Like e-mail a couple years ago, and fax machines before that, it's become important to keep up with the Web. Fortunately, it's also rather easy to get started with HTML and quickly develop a Web site.
The current state of HTML
With these commercial demands, however, have come different solutions. For every extension Netscape adds to HTML, there is generally (eventually) a standard agreed to by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that meets the same need. Unfortunately, the implementation isn’t always the same. So, it's possible for an HTML 4.0 level standard, for instance, to provide for exactly the same layout functions as Netscape-but do it in a way that isn’t compatible with Netscape's browser. So HTML is currently in a bit of a flux. The best you can hope for is that the HTML standard is agreed upon and maintained more quickly in the future as more ideas pop up. At the same time, it's important that the standard remain well thought-out, and that it isn't allowed to become bloated and unworkable. In fact, this is probably the justification for recent changes to the standards bodies. With the W3C taking control of HTML, it suggests a shift in the ultimate power over HTML to the corporate players. From now on, you can probably assume that HTML extensions beyond what is generally considered HTML 3.0 will become standard on a case-by-case basis. Overall, this is probably a good thing, since standards can be agreed on as technology emerges-and competing browsers can all use the same methods to incorporate new technology.